Many smart or connected devices come with wired-only connections (Ethernet), like your TV, game console, DVD player, TiVo, or other streaming-media device. Unless your Internet modem or wireless router happens to be at the same location as those devices, connecting them to your wireless network can be a challenge.
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Possible solutions include, power-line adapters, dedicated wireless adapters for each device, or installing Ethernet jacks. Unfortunately, those options can get expensive and each has its unique drawbacks. Another option is using a wireless bridge. A wireless bridge connects two wired networks together over Wi-Fi. The wireless bridge acts as a client, logging in to the primary router and getting an Internet connection, which it passes on to the devices connected to its LAN Jacks. You can buy a dedicated wireless bridge, but if you have an old router lying around, you might be able to convert it into a wireless bridge using DD-WRT.
DD-WRT is free Linux-based firmware for routers that replaces the router's factory firmware. It can breathe new life into an old router, giving it enhanced performance and new features. One of the features of DD-WRT is the ability to switch the router's function to a wireless bridge.
This tutorial, based on the DD-WRT Wiki, will go over how to configure DD-WRT for use as a wireless bridge (client bridge mode), using a Linksys WRT54G router as an example. The process is fairly straightforward but will require some time and patience to complete. In the steps below, primary router refers to the main router that you'll connect to, while bridge router refers to the router you're configuring as a client bridge.
Step 1: Check the DD-WRT router database to see if your router is supported. If your router isn't supported, keep an eye out at The Cheapskate blog for router deals. Rick Broida recently found a refurbished router with DD-WRT support for just $9.99.
Step 2: If your router is supported, you'll see it listed in the database and it'll include links to the firmware. It may also include device-specific directions on how to install DD-WRT, but you'll want to read over the general installation notes as well. In some cases, you'll need to install a firmware prep, prior to installing the actual DD-WRT firmware. It's possible to brick your router during installation if not performed correctly, so read the directions carefully and follow each step as noted.
Step 3: Once you've successfully installed DD-WRT, perform a hard reset on the router. This usually involves holding a reset button/pin for 30 seconds or until you see the router's lights flashing. Refer to your router's user manual to figure out the exact method for a hard reset.
Step 4: Connect an Ethernet cable from your computer to one of the LAN jacks on the bridge router, then set a static IP address on your computer. Use something like 192.168.1.10, so you'll be on the same subnet as the bridge router, which will have an IP address of 192.168.1.1.
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Step 5: Open a Web browser and enter 192.168.1.1 in the address bar. Microsoft word unicode converter mongolian. The DD-WRT Web interface will appear and you'll be prompted to change your username and password. Choose a username and password, then click the Change Password button.
Step 6: Go to Wireless > Wireless Security, then set the same Security Mode, Algorithm, and Shared Key as your primary router. Click Save.
Step 7: Go to Wireless > Basic Settings, then change the Wireless Mode to Client Bridge. Set the same Network Mode and SSID as your primary router. If your bridge router is an N router, you may also need to set the same wireless channel width as your primary router. Click Save, then Apply Settings.
Step 8: Go to Setup > Basic Setup, then fill in the router IP info. For the local IP address of the router, choose an address in the same subnet as your primary router. If your primary router is on the 192.168.1.x subnet, choose something like 192.168.1.15. Leave the Subnet Mask as 255.255.255.0 and enter the IP address of your primary router as the Gateway. Leave Local DNS blank and select your time zone. Optionally, you can check the box to Assign WAN Port to Switch. This converts the WAN port to a LAN port, providing you with an extra port on your bridge router. Click Apply Settings.
Step 9: Log back in to your bridge router using the new address you set (192.168.1.15).
Step 10: Go to Security > Firewall, then under Block WAN Requests, make sure that only 'Filter Multicast' is checked. Click Save.
Step 11: Under Firewall Protection, make sure 'SPI Firewall' is disabled, then click Apply Settings.
Step 12: Go to Setup > Advanced Routing, then set the Operating Mode to 'Router.' Click Save.
Step 13: Remove the static IP address from your computer and re-enable automatic IP addressing. At this point, the bridge router should pass along an IP address from the primary router to your computer, giving you access to the Internet.
Step 14: Once you've verified that your computer can access the Internet while physically connected to the bridge router, you can disconnect your computer. You're now ready to connect your wired devices to the bridge router from anywhere in your home (within range of your primary router).
Notes:
- If you're using MAC filtering on your primary router, you'll want to add the bridge router's wireless MAC address, not the LAN MAC address that's usually printed physically on the router. To find the wireless MAC address, go to Status > Sys-Info.
- If your primary router is a Wireless-N router, but your bridge router is a Wireless-G router, you may need to set the wireless mode to a setting that supports b/g networks.
That's it. Now you can connect all your wired devices to your wireless network, even if they're not next to your primary router. It's worth mentioning that a wireless bridge is also useful when the scenario is reversed. If you have your Internet modem and primary router next to your TV, but need connectivity to your computer in another location, you can use the wireless bridge to provide a connection to your computer, printer, NAS, etc.
Introduction
If you want to know how a wireless router performs, there is no better place than our Router Charts. But what if you have a router that we haven't tested or just want to run your own tests?
We have access to the powerful measurement capabilities of Ixia's IxChariot, which provides detailed views of router wired and wireless performance. But you can use simpler testing methods to provide a pretty accurate picture of your router's performance.
The most inaccurate view of router performance is obtained using Internet-based speed tests to a wireless client. While perhaps the quickest and easiest test to run, it puts two highly-variable factors into the performance equation; the speed of your Internet connection and the speed of your wireless connection.
For accurate wireless router testing, there are two important requirements:
- Test on a local, non-Internet network
- Test routing and wireless performance separately
You don't want to use Internet-based tests because, in most cases, the speed of your ISP connection will be much lower than what your router can actually handle. And as we have all experienced, you often don't get the maximum advertised speeds anyway.
For similar reasons, you want to test your router's routing performance (the speed at which it can move packets from LAN to WAN and WAN to LAN) using Ethernet connections only. The throughput of wireless connections varies too much for getting an accurate read on your router's performance. And again, in most cases, maximum wireless speed, even of three-stream N connections is lower than your router's wired routing performance.
Something you don't need to test is LAN-to-LAN performance. This data passes only through a router's switch chip (or switch section of a router single-chip SoC) and doesn't touch the actual routing section. Switch chips have been able to move packets among all ports at wire speed for many generations. Your speeds here are more dependent on factors in the devices/computers themselves than anything in the router. So there is no point in wasting time testing this.
Testing your router isn't that hard to do and requires only two computers and the cables to connect them to the router under test. The simplest tests don't require any purchased software. But, as you'll see, you may want to invest $30 or so in a few testing apps. You can test with MacOS or Linux machines, but I'm going to use Windows.
Routing Throughput - Setup
To test whether your router can keep up with your Internet connection, you can't use the connection itself. Instead, you need to set up a test network that is disconnected from the Internet. As the simple diagram below shows, one of the computers will be connected via Ethernet to the WAN port of the router (WAN-side computer) and the other connects to one of the LAN switched ports (LAN-side computer). You can use any port, it doesn't matter. You must use Ethernet to connect the computers; wireless won't work.
Figure 1: Router Test setup diagramYou will first need to set the IP address information for both the router WAN port and the WAN-side computer. Let's start with the router WAN port.
Set WAN Port IP Address
To do this, we'll need to get to the router's admin server.
1) Connect power to the router under test and let it boot.
2) Go to the LAN-side computer plugged into one of the router LAN ports. Unless you set the computer to use a static IP address, it will have grabbed a new IP address from the router's DHCP server. If you already know the IP address of the router, you can just open a web browser, enter the IP address and log into the router. If you don't know the IP address of the router, go read the user manual or Google/Bing it, then log in.
I'm using a Cisco/Linksys E4200 for my test router. Like all Linksys routers, its admin server is located at 192.168.1.1.
3) You need to navigate to the settings for the WAN port. Unfortunately, different routers keep this information in different places. It is usually called Internet Connection Type or something similar. In a Linksys/Cisco, it's right on the Setup > Basic Setup page.
The WAN IP needs to be set to a different network range than the LAN side of the router, but still using a private IP address range. The easy way to do this is to take the router address, i.e. the IP address of the router admin server and change the third and fourth address octets. (An octet is each group of numbers separated by '.' in the IP address.)
Figure 2: Setting the WAN port IP addressIn our example, the router address is 192.168.1.1. So I've entered a WAN IP address (shown as Internet Address in Figure 2) of 192.168.10.10. For the two octets, you can use any number between 1 and 253, as long as the third octet is different from the router address' third octet. Be sure to enter 255.255.255.0 for the Subnet mask.
You don't need to enter Default Gateway or DNS information unless the router makes you, which the E4200 did by throwing an error when I tried to save the settings. You can enter the same number for both these, using the same first three octets as the Internet Address, but a different number for the fourth octet. I used 192.168.10.1 as my Default Gateway, which got past the E4200's error detection.
4) Be sure to save the settings!
Put The LAN-side Computer In DMZ
A router's NAT firewall keeps unrequested data from the WAN side of the router from getting to the LAN side. To test WAN-to-LAN throughput, however, we need to shut off this defense. This is done by putting the LAN-side machine in the router's DMZ.
1) From the LAN-side computer, navigate to the router's DMZ setting. In the E4200, this is found in the Applications & Gaming > DMZ tab (Figure 3).
Figure 3: Putting the LAN-side computer in DMZ2) Enter the IP address of the LAN side computer as the DMZ machine. In our example, this is 192.168.1.144, which was assigned by the E4200's DHCP server.
3) Save the setting.
Set the WAN-side Computer IP Address
You'll need to get to the Local Area Connection Status window for the computer's Ethernet adapter. There are lots of ways to do this and the exact sequence depends on which version of Windows you are using. The most reliable way is via the Control Panel. Do the following on the WAN-side computer:
1) In XP, click Network Connections in the Control Panel window (Figure 4).
Figure 4: Network Connections window (Win XP)In Win 7, you want Network and Sharing Center (Figure 5).
Figure 5: Network and Sharing Center (Wn 7)Open Media Wifi Bridge Software Development Life Cycle
2) Once you get to either place, click or double-click the Local Area Connection link for your Ethernet adapter. In the Local Area Connection Status window that opens, click the Properties button. In the Local Area Connection Properties window that opens (Figure 6), double-click the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) properties (XP) or Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) properties (Win7) item to open its Properties window.
Figure 6: Network and Sharing Center (Wn 7)3) In the TCP/IP Properties window, enter an IP address in the same range as the router WAN IP. This means the IP address is the same as you entered for the router WAN IP address, with only the fourth octet changed to a different number between 1 and 253.
In the example (Figure 7), I used 192.168.10.2, which is different from both the router WAN IP address and the Default Gateway setting. You should also enter the router WAN IP address as the default gateway (192.168.10.10 in the example)
Vap11g Wifi Bridge Software
Figure 7: Entering the WAN-side computer IP address4) Save the setting and close all the TCP/IP and Network Connection properties windows.
Step 11: Under Firewall Protection, make sure 'SPI Firewall' is disabled, then click Apply Settings.
Step 12: Go to Setup > Advanced Routing, then set the Operating Mode to 'Router.' Click Save.
Step 13: Remove the static IP address from your computer and re-enable automatic IP addressing. At this point, the bridge router should pass along an IP address from the primary router to your computer, giving you access to the Internet.
Step 14: Once you've verified that your computer can access the Internet while physically connected to the bridge router, you can disconnect your computer. You're now ready to connect your wired devices to the bridge router from anywhere in your home (within range of your primary router).
Notes:
- If you're using MAC filtering on your primary router, you'll want to add the bridge router's wireless MAC address, not the LAN MAC address that's usually printed physically on the router. To find the wireless MAC address, go to Status > Sys-Info.
- If your primary router is a Wireless-N router, but your bridge router is a Wireless-G router, you may need to set the wireless mode to a setting that supports b/g networks.
That's it. Now you can connect all your wired devices to your wireless network, even if they're not next to your primary router. It's worth mentioning that a wireless bridge is also useful when the scenario is reversed. If you have your Internet modem and primary router next to your TV, but need connectivity to your computer in another location, you can use the wireless bridge to provide a connection to your computer, printer, NAS, etc.
Introduction
If you want to know how a wireless router performs, there is no better place than our Router Charts. But what if you have a router that we haven't tested or just want to run your own tests?
We have access to the powerful measurement capabilities of Ixia's IxChariot, which provides detailed views of router wired and wireless performance. But you can use simpler testing methods to provide a pretty accurate picture of your router's performance.
The most inaccurate view of router performance is obtained using Internet-based speed tests to a wireless client. While perhaps the quickest and easiest test to run, it puts two highly-variable factors into the performance equation; the speed of your Internet connection and the speed of your wireless connection.
For accurate wireless router testing, there are two important requirements:
- Test on a local, non-Internet network
- Test routing and wireless performance separately
You don't want to use Internet-based tests because, in most cases, the speed of your ISP connection will be much lower than what your router can actually handle. And as we have all experienced, you often don't get the maximum advertised speeds anyway.
For similar reasons, you want to test your router's routing performance (the speed at which it can move packets from LAN to WAN and WAN to LAN) using Ethernet connections only. The throughput of wireless connections varies too much for getting an accurate read on your router's performance. And again, in most cases, maximum wireless speed, even of three-stream N connections is lower than your router's wired routing performance.
Something you don't need to test is LAN-to-LAN performance. This data passes only through a router's switch chip (or switch section of a router single-chip SoC) and doesn't touch the actual routing section. Switch chips have been able to move packets among all ports at wire speed for many generations. Your speeds here are more dependent on factors in the devices/computers themselves than anything in the router. So there is no point in wasting time testing this.
Testing your router isn't that hard to do and requires only two computers and the cables to connect them to the router under test. The simplest tests don't require any purchased software. But, as you'll see, you may want to invest $30 or so in a few testing apps. You can test with MacOS or Linux machines, but I'm going to use Windows.
Routing Throughput - Setup
To test whether your router can keep up with your Internet connection, you can't use the connection itself. Instead, you need to set up a test network that is disconnected from the Internet. As the simple diagram below shows, one of the computers will be connected via Ethernet to the WAN port of the router (WAN-side computer) and the other connects to one of the LAN switched ports (LAN-side computer). You can use any port, it doesn't matter. You must use Ethernet to connect the computers; wireless won't work.
Figure 1: Router Test setup diagramYou will first need to set the IP address information for both the router WAN port and the WAN-side computer. Let's start with the router WAN port.
Set WAN Port IP Address
To do this, we'll need to get to the router's admin server.
1) Connect power to the router under test and let it boot.
2) Go to the LAN-side computer plugged into one of the router LAN ports. Unless you set the computer to use a static IP address, it will have grabbed a new IP address from the router's DHCP server. If you already know the IP address of the router, you can just open a web browser, enter the IP address and log into the router. If you don't know the IP address of the router, go read the user manual or Google/Bing it, then log in.
I'm using a Cisco/Linksys E4200 for my test router. Like all Linksys routers, its admin server is located at 192.168.1.1.
3) You need to navigate to the settings for the WAN port. Unfortunately, different routers keep this information in different places. It is usually called Internet Connection Type or something similar. In a Linksys/Cisco, it's right on the Setup > Basic Setup page.
The WAN IP needs to be set to a different network range than the LAN side of the router, but still using a private IP address range. The easy way to do this is to take the router address, i.e. the IP address of the router admin server and change the third and fourth address octets. (An octet is each group of numbers separated by '.' in the IP address.)
Figure 2: Setting the WAN port IP addressIn our example, the router address is 192.168.1.1. So I've entered a WAN IP address (shown as Internet Address in Figure 2) of 192.168.10.10. For the two octets, you can use any number between 1 and 253, as long as the third octet is different from the router address' third octet. Be sure to enter 255.255.255.0 for the Subnet mask.
You don't need to enter Default Gateway or DNS information unless the router makes you, which the E4200 did by throwing an error when I tried to save the settings. You can enter the same number for both these, using the same first three octets as the Internet Address, but a different number for the fourth octet. I used 192.168.10.1 as my Default Gateway, which got past the E4200's error detection.
4) Be sure to save the settings!
Put The LAN-side Computer In DMZ
A router's NAT firewall keeps unrequested data from the WAN side of the router from getting to the LAN side. To test WAN-to-LAN throughput, however, we need to shut off this defense. This is done by putting the LAN-side machine in the router's DMZ.
1) From the LAN-side computer, navigate to the router's DMZ setting. In the E4200, this is found in the Applications & Gaming > DMZ tab (Figure 3).
Figure 3: Putting the LAN-side computer in DMZ2) Enter the IP address of the LAN side computer as the DMZ machine. In our example, this is 192.168.1.144, which was assigned by the E4200's DHCP server.
3) Save the setting.
Set the WAN-side Computer IP Address
You'll need to get to the Local Area Connection Status window for the computer's Ethernet adapter. There are lots of ways to do this and the exact sequence depends on which version of Windows you are using. The most reliable way is via the Control Panel. Do the following on the WAN-side computer:
1) In XP, click Network Connections in the Control Panel window (Figure 4).
Figure 4: Network Connections window (Win XP)In Win 7, you want Network and Sharing Center (Figure 5).
Figure 5: Network and Sharing Center (Wn 7)Open Media Wifi Bridge Software Development Life Cycle
2) Once you get to either place, click or double-click the Local Area Connection link for your Ethernet adapter. In the Local Area Connection Status window that opens, click the Properties button. In the Local Area Connection Properties window that opens (Figure 6), double-click the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) properties (XP) or Internet Protocol Version 4 (TCP/IPv4) properties (Win7) item to open its Properties window.
Figure 6: Network and Sharing Center (Wn 7)3) In the TCP/IP Properties window, enter an IP address in the same range as the router WAN IP. This means the IP address is the same as you entered for the router WAN IP address, with only the fourth octet changed to a different number between 1 and 253.
In the example (Figure 7), I used 192.168.10.2, which is different from both the router WAN IP address and the Default Gateway setting. You should also enter the router WAN IP address as the default gateway (192.168.10.10 in the example)
Vap11g Wifi Bridge Software
Figure 7: Entering the WAN-side computer IP address4) Save the setting and close all the TCP/IP and Network Connection properties windows.
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